A modern buying mall also shopping center is a physical and organizational concentration of retail stores and service companies in various industries and possibly other activities such as fitness centers, cinemas. A mall actually refers to only the main walkways with adjacent retail space. Buying-centers over 100,000 sqm are also called Megamall (shopping in Lancaster). According to mall B. Hahn is a covered heated mall. It belongs in United States to discontinued models, since there open cut are preferred by consumers which can be built more cheaply. The first mall was built in 1956 in Minneapolis.
The "classic" buying center pursues the operational concept of few anchor stores and many other retail, service and catering businesses that benefit from the attractiveness of magnetic enterprises indirectly. The magnetic structures in form of consumer or hypermarkets, department stores and large retail warehouses serve as a bringer frequency. They attract the customers in center.
The recorded in documentation centers at the surface lower limit, however, meet the quality function of buying center, so the "buying" from shortlist goods (eg clothing, shoes, household items, electrical and electronic goods such. Etc.). Often in international definitions, the lower limit of rentable area at 10,000 sqm are recognized. The Federal Administrative Court adopts a buying center in terms of Land Use Ordinance, when "a spatial concentration of retail stores of different types and sizes - usually in combination with various service industries - is present, which is either planned uniform or nevertheless grown in a manner other than.
It is essential for customer acceptance, the vote of transactions is another, also called Sectors. Here in centers of usual size (approximately 30,000-40,000 sqm) usually called two magnets or anchor tenants are used that already attract numerous customers alone, so that the center is well attended. These magnets are targeted mostly placed at the opposite ends or in middle of mall to get into buying center so the clientele. It is now established that these magnets are large grocery stores, fashion boutiques and specialty stores for consumer electronics. In between are grouped smaller shops that proportionately much higher rents paid per square meter as the anchor tenant. It all queried by the consumer sectors are covered.
This mix of industries has been optimized and standardized for decades that he is not very different from each other in different centers and the offer of center is often interchangeable. The mix is usually only adjusted to purchasing power of target clientele in price level. Also important is the location of shops and eateries to each other in center, which is specifically controlled by the center management.
The importance of magnets for the success of buying mall is so fundamental that usually the signature of corresponding chain under the lease is the prerequisite for the investor even provides a planning application. Failure to find a suitable tenant, the project often threatened with closure. But even long-established centers threatened with loss ofn anchor tenant (z. B. By bankruptcy of trade chain, merging with another retail chain that operates near another house or other business decisions) the often gradual decline, which then makes it difficult, for the vacant areas (especially the anchor) to find new tenants.
As an integrated Center mall is called, which is incorporated into traditional settlement patterns. It is located in densely built-up urban area or in a commercial street. A non-integrated center was built on the other hand, the proverbial "green field" on the periphery or in city and surrounding area on the primary road network.
Classically, are malls by an operator or a consortium, built on the outskirts of urban areas or even on a greenfield site. Since the eighties increasingly buying centers are planned and built in inner cities. This trend has accelerated since at least the late nineties rapidly. For a number of years can be observed by an ever-increasing density of spatially close to each other located buying centers with simultaneous loss of purchasing power of consumers crowding-out. The possible consequences for retail are not yet in sight.
The "classic" buying center pursues the operational concept of few anchor stores and many other retail, service and catering businesses that benefit from the attractiveness of magnetic enterprises indirectly. The magnetic structures in form of consumer or hypermarkets, department stores and large retail warehouses serve as a bringer frequency. They attract the customers in center.
The recorded in documentation centers at the surface lower limit, however, meet the quality function of buying center, so the "buying" from shortlist goods (eg clothing, shoes, household items, electrical and electronic goods such. Etc.). Often in international definitions, the lower limit of rentable area at 10,000 sqm are recognized. The Federal Administrative Court adopts a buying center in terms of Land Use Ordinance, when "a spatial concentration of retail stores of different types and sizes - usually in combination with various service industries - is present, which is either planned uniform or nevertheless grown in a manner other than.
It is essential for customer acceptance, the vote of transactions is another, also called Sectors. Here in centers of usual size (approximately 30,000-40,000 sqm) usually called two magnets or anchor tenants are used that already attract numerous customers alone, so that the center is well attended. These magnets are targeted mostly placed at the opposite ends or in middle of mall to get into buying center so the clientele. It is now established that these magnets are large grocery stores, fashion boutiques and specialty stores for consumer electronics. In between are grouped smaller shops that proportionately much higher rents paid per square meter as the anchor tenant. It all queried by the consumer sectors are covered.
This mix of industries has been optimized and standardized for decades that he is not very different from each other in different centers and the offer of center is often interchangeable. The mix is usually only adjusted to purchasing power of target clientele in price level. Also important is the location of shops and eateries to each other in center, which is specifically controlled by the center management.
The importance of magnets for the success of buying mall is so fundamental that usually the signature of corresponding chain under the lease is the prerequisite for the investor even provides a planning application. Failure to find a suitable tenant, the project often threatened with closure. But even long-established centers threatened with loss ofn anchor tenant (z. B. By bankruptcy of trade chain, merging with another retail chain that operates near another house or other business decisions) the often gradual decline, which then makes it difficult, for the vacant areas (especially the anchor) to find new tenants.
As an integrated Center mall is called, which is incorporated into traditional settlement patterns. It is located in densely built-up urban area or in a commercial street. A non-integrated center was built on the other hand, the proverbial "green field" on the periphery or in city and surrounding area on the primary road network.
Classically, are malls by an operator or a consortium, built on the outskirts of urban areas or even on a greenfield site. Since the eighties increasingly buying centers are planned and built in inner cities. This trend has accelerated since at least the late nineties rapidly. For a number of years can be observed by an ever-increasing density of spatially close to each other located buying centers with simultaneous loss of purchasing power of consumers crowding-out. The possible consequences for retail are not yet in sight.
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