When the filtering layer begins to clog need cleaning it, which happens every 4 to 6 weeks. The cleaning is manual and involves removing the first layer of sand, sand washing in separate tubs and in reconstruction of filter bed. Quick filters are the most used, particularly in combination with other treatments such as clarification (surface waters) and the removal of iron and manganese (deep waters), and can deal with an input flow rate 40 times higher than that of lens filters (survival water purification systems).
These sources of supply, due to specific characteristics of waters and / or the degree of pollution, must be subjected to cycles of treatments of filtration necessary to modify the characteristics and improve its quality. Often, this happens even for the deep waters with a high content of organic substances and a high microbial contamination, especially if they are present faecal bacteria (eg. Coliforms).
The filtration is carried out by passing the waters (from rivers or lakes) through various types of implants removal of organic and inorganic material. The removal methods used can be physical, chemical-physical and biological function of type of substances to be eliminated from waters entering the plant.
However, the fact that the waters is by nature a solvent makes it somewhat problematic the effective elimination of many unwanted substances. The waters is entered into a tank head from which it originated the system of waters supply - drinking. The waters containing different types of organic substances and inorganic, hereinafter classified, that must be removed during the purifying treatment. Physical treatments simple: they are articulated in a single step, eliminating the suspended solids and sediments those not coarse sediments (screening and sedimentation) and non-settleable (sieving and filtration).
Physical and chemical treatments normal and driven: they are divided into several phases and eliminate non-settleable suspended solids (flocculation) and correct the chemical characteristics of waters by eliminating the dissolved substances that are incompatible with the use to which the waters is bound (softening, stabilization, removal of iron, manganese, desilication, fluoridation and defluoration, aeration).
The flocculation basins have a rectangular shape and can be: Staged: where to achieve greater efficiency, the tank is divided into several zones in series in which the agitation is gradually decreasing. Channels: are horizontal flow, where the pool is subdivided by transverse partitions to form a channel whose width is gradually increased so as to obtain a flow velocity gradually decreasing.
The waters containing sediments that can create several problems during the cycle of filtration. This law is valid for strictly spherical particles immersed in a liquid at rest and at constant temperature where the downward motion is not influenced neither by the presence of other particles or from the container walls.
What lens filters the filtering action is exerted by the biological film that develops on the surface of filter in 10-15 days (aging time of filter). The film filter is very sensitive to mechanical disturbances and organic contaminants. During the period of maturation of film the filtered waters is not considered potable. The inflow of waters into filter takes place from above while runoff occurs from the bottom; the filtration rate.
These sources of supply, due to specific characteristics of waters and / or the degree of pollution, must be subjected to cycles of treatments of filtration necessary to modify the characteristics and improve its quality. Often, this happens even for the deep waters with a high content of organic substances and a high microbial contamination, especially if they are present faecal bacteria (eg. Coliforms).
The filtration is carried out by passing the waters (from rivers or lakes) through various types of implants removal of organic and inorganic material. The removal methods used can be physical, chemical-physical and biological function of type of substances to be eliminated from waters entering the plant.
However, the fact that the waters is by nature a solvent makes it somewhat problematic the effective elimination of many unwanted substances. The waters is entered into a tank head from which it originated the system of waters supply - drinking. The waters containing different types of organic substances and inorganic, hereinafter classified, that must be removed during the purifying treatment. Physical treatments simple: they are articulated in a single step, eliminating the suspended solids and sediments those not coarse sediments (screening and sedimentation) and non-settleable (sieving and filtration).
Physical and chemical treatments normal and driven: they are divided into several phases and eliminate non-settleable suspended solids (flocculation) and correct the chemical characteristics of waters by eliminating the dissolved substances that are incompatible with the use to which the waters is bound (softening, stabilization, removal of iron, manganese, desilication, fluoridation and defluoration, aeration).
The flocculation basins have a rectangular shape and can be: Staged: where to achieve greater efficiency, the tank is divided into several zones in series in which the agitation is gradually decreasing. Channels: are horizontal flow, where the pool is subdivided by transverse partitions to form a channel whose width is gradually increased so as to obtain a flow velocity gradually decreasing.
The waters containing sediments that can create several problems during the cycle of filtration. This law is valid for strictly spherical particles immersed in a liquid at rest and at constant temperature where the downward motion is not influenced neither by the presence of other particles or from the container walls.
What lens filters the filtering action is exerted by the biological film that develops on the surface of filter in 10-15 days (aging time of filter). The film filter is very sensitive to mechanical disturbances and organic contaminants. During the period of maturation of film the filtered waters is not considered potable. The inflow of waters into filter takes place from above while runoff occurs from the bottom; the filtration rate.
About the Author:
We can help you buy affordable survival water purification systems by introducing you to this valuable site. For additional information, log on to http://defpg.com today.
